• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to a mushroom cultivation rack for growing mushrooms by means of a substrate to be supported by the rack, such as a compost, comprising: - uprights for providing support for the rack relative to a substrate, - beams for providing a support for clamping members, - clamping members for spanning a mutual distance between beams, wherein the mushroom cultivation rack is preferably manufactured by a method of manufacturing the uprights, beams and / or clamping members from at least one basic material and assembling them using only operations such as cutting , cutting, punching and setting, preferably in an automated process. This is preferably provided with means for heating and cooling a substrate. A further aspect of the present invention is a method of using the rack.
    公开号:NL2017742A
    申请号:NL2017742
    申请日:2016-11-07
    公开日:2017-05-26
    发明作者:Van Den Top Hendrik；Jan Van Den Top Bart
    申请人:Van Den Top Hendrik；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    CHAMPION COMPOSITION AND METHOD
    The present invention relates to a mushroom cultivation theorem. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for using such a mushroom cultivation rack. The present invention furthermore relates to a method for manufacturing a mushroom cultivation rack.
    The present invention improves the state of the art by means of a mushroom cultivation rack for growing mushrooms by means of a substrate to be supported by the rack, such as a compost, comprising: - uprights for providing support to the rack relative to a substrate, - beams for providing support for span members, span members for spanning a mutual distance between beams, wherein the mushroom cultivation rack is preferably manufactured by a method for manufacturing the uprights, beams and / or span members from at least one basic material and assembling them while applying of only operations such as cutting, cutting, punching and setting, preferably in an automated process.
    It is an advantage of such a rack that it can be manufactured in a simple manner into a kit, after which it is manufactured from the base material by means of manufacturing the separate uprights, beams and span members, after which the rack is simple on the basis of the kit. to assemble. This prevents a lot of in-site work from the assembly.
    According to a preferred embodiment, a base material is a prefabricated sheet material with a metallic alloy as a coating.
    For a further preferred embodiment, the mushroom cultivation rack comprises medium pipes for cooling and / or heating. As a result, the temperature of the substrate can be controlled by means of a cooling medium or a heating medium. More preferably, span members are arranged for cooling and / or heating the substrate. The medium lines are further preferably arranged in or on one or more of the span members.
    According to a further preferred embodiment, the span members are arranged in the longitudinal direction of a rack. This makes it possible in a simple manner to move and / or shift substrate over the span members. To this end, the span members function more preferably as the direct support of the substrate. According to a preferred embodiment in which the span members comprise a guide surface, the substrate can be fed and discharged thereon in a sliding manner.
    The mushroom cultivation rack furthermore preferably comprises side panels, such as side boards, for supporting the beams opposite to a post. The side panels are herein advantageously suitable for supporting at least one harvesting machine and / or a substrate processing machine.
    In the mushroom cultivation rack, the span members preferably comprise a placement profile with an upper surface for supporting the substrate, and an inner space arranged below the upper surface for supporting the at least one medium line.
    The span members are more preferably suitable for receiving support members for supporting the at least one fluid line, which support members are preferably designed as a profile.
    The span members furthermore comprise engaging means for engaging thereon a clamp for keeping the at least one medium led up and / or the supporting members arranged upwards.
    The beams are further preferably provided with feed-through channels or slots for passing through or arranging therein an underside of the span members during use.
    The beams are further preferably provided with hooking means for hooking onto hooking means the posts, which hooking means and / or hooking means are preferably manufactured by means of a cutting operation from the basic material.
    The coating of the material of the side panels is furthermore preferably manufactured for resisting a wear load by the machines.
    A further aspect of the present invention relates to a method for using a mushroom-growing rack according to one or more of the preceding claims, comprising steps for: - providing the mushroom-growing rack, - from one side of the rack over the longitudinal direction of the span members feeding the substrate to the rack by means of a suitable transport medium, such as a net or geotextile, - carrying out a substrate-related culture and harvesting cycle using the substrate, - transferring it from one side of the rack removing the substrate from the rack from the rack by means of a suitable transport medium, such as the net or the geotextile, in the longitudinal direction of the span members.
    By means of such a method, a cultivation and harvesting cycle can be carried out in a simple manner.
    A further aspect of the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a mushroom cultivation rack using only operations such as cutting, cutting, punching and setting, preferably in an automated process, further preferably using a prefabricated sheet material with a metallic alloy as a coating.
    Further advantages, features and details of the present invention will be described in greater detail below with reference to one or more preferred embodiments with reference to the attached figures. Similar but not necessarily identical components of different preferred embodiments are designated by the same reference numerals.
    FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a first preferred embodiment of the present invention.
    FIG. 2 is a representation of a detail in perspective of the preferred embodiment of FIG. 1 and according to a further preferred embodiment.
    FIG. 3 relates to a side view of the preferred embodiment according to FIG. 1.
    FIG. 4 relates to a perspective view of a detail of the preferred embodiment according to FIG. 1.
    FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a detail of the preferred embodiment of FIG. 1.
    FIG. 6 relates to views in side view of a further detail of the preferred embodiment according to FIG. 1.
    A first preferred embodiment (Fig. 1) according to the present invention relates to a mushroom cultivation rack 1. This is roughly composed of a number of uprights 2 vertically arranged during use and mutually connected by means of side boards 5. From each upright a girder 3 extends towards the opposite side of the rack, a transverse direction thereof. This theorem is a so-called zigzag theorem with uprights alternately on one side of the theorem and on the other side of the theorem. As shown, a beam therefore contacts a post on 1 side of the rack. Alternatively, more regular racks are provided according to this invention, in which two uprights are always connected to a beam at each height.
    This zigzag rack according to FIG. 1 is suitable for applying a harvesting machine that alternately discharges mushrooms on both sides during harvesting. Such a harvesting machine has previously been separately classified by the present inventor in a patent application. An anticipated length of such racks is a few meters to a few tens of meters.
    Transversely on the beams 3, arranged in the longitudinal direction of the rack, are supports 4 or span members. These support substrate holders (not shown) for holding substrate in which the mycelium of the mushrooms is grown.
    An important aspect of the present invention is that preferably bearing elements of the rack such as the uprights 2, the beams 3, the supports 4 and or the side boards 5 are made of a prefabricated sheet material of preferably sheet steel, preferably further containing carbon, with a metallic coating applied during a prefabrication process. This metallic coating preferably comprises zinc, aluminum and / or magnesium in an alloy.
    Here, preferably more than 80% zinc, preferably more than 90% zinc, more preferably more than 93% zinc, more preferably substantially 93.5 percent zinc. The amount of aluminum is more preferably between 2 and 6%, more preferably between two and a half and 5%, more preferably between 3 and 4%, more preferably three and a half percent. More preferably, the amount of magnesium is between 1 and 5%, more preferably between 2 and 4%, and more preferably substantially 3%. During the manufacture of the sheet material use is preferably made of an organization process, more preferably an organization process in which the sheet steel is dipped in the alloy. A protected designation of such a material is known as ZMA.
    It is provided that preferably the uprights, beams, span members, side panels, support members are manufactured by means of the described prefabrication. In other words, preferably all metal parts of the rack are produced in advance from the base material.
    The material, in particular the coating, preferably has a self-healing process when cutting edges. More preferably, the material has a higher corrosion resistance in the increase in aggravation with acids and bosses, more preferably in the atmosphere with chloride and ammonia.
    When manufacturing the uprights 2, the beams 3, the supports 4 and / or the edge boards 5, use is preferably made only of cutting operations and / or punching operations in combination with brewing operations, such as preferably a continuous brewing process. An important advantage of applying the said cutting operations and punching operations in combination with the brewing operations is that the manufacture of such supporting elements is that they can be manufactured in a virtually automated process. The feeding of the sheet material through this process of cutting, punching and setting in the automated manner provided by the inventor provides an important efficiency advantage in the manufacturing method. The inventor has started to develop this method of production on the basis of the desire for efficiency improvement in the production from parts manufactured from steel or sheet steel which subsequently had to be galvanized for use in the mushroom cultivation rack. Manufacturing first and then galvanizing requires a high level of logistics management and material handling. A further disadvantage of the prior art with galvanized parts was that after a galvanizing step, time-consuming post-processing and are required to remove zinc residues, such as drops or "tightened" holes.
    The use of said prefabricated material in the new automated method provides a number of advantages. An advantage of such a prefabricated material is that during cutting or punching the cutting edges are protected by pulling the alloy along. As a result, after cutting or punching, the steel is protected against corrosion by this alloy without the need for further galvanizing according to the state of the art.
    When manufacturing a mushroom cultivation unit according to the state of the art, the entire processing process is therefore preferably further based on cutting operations, punching operations and brewing operations. Operations that cause processing steps to prevent corrosion are required are kept out of the process. According to the present invention, the production of openings and holes is preferably applied exclusively by means of cutting and punching. Creating interconnections between material through such openings and holes is provided with bolts and nuts. In this case it is provided, for example, that according to a preferred embodiment the edge boards are fixed to the uprights by means of bolts and nuts and respective openings and holes for providing a rigidity to the rack.
    As shown in FIG. 2, the post is made up of a substantially u-shaped profile with an end wall 17 and two side walls 16, 16 '. Preferably, a conversion of the ends of the "u" is furthermore provided. Provided in the end wall 17 and support openings 24, 24 'for supporting a respective girder 3.
    For this purpose, beam 3 has projecting elements 25, 25 'for insertion thereof into the support openings 24, 24' of the upright. The upper 2 have projecting elements 25 and downwardly extending engagement part 25 ''. The lower protruding elements 25 'have a shorter downwardly extending part such that it does not extend beyond the underside of the profile of the girder 3, this for the purpose of preventing damage thereto.
    The beam 3 also essentially has a U-shaped profile with an end wall 13 and two legs 14, 14 '. For the purpose of supporting and positioning the carriers 4, the end wall 13 has a number of pairwise slots 21, 21 'which are connected to a horizontally extending receiving openings 22, 22'. These slots with receiving openings are provided in the sheet material by means of a punching operation before setting them to the u profile. The beam is furthermore provided with feed-through openings 32, 32 'in respective side walls 14, 14'. These feed-through openings serve for feeding a wire or rod 49 for resting an insulation plate 51 thereon (Fig. 4). Alternatively, the girder is provided with an extension profile 19 that is attached to the outside of the girder. This infeed profile 19 has 2 functions. The first function is to provide a support edge 39 for said insulation plate 51 instead of the wire 52. The second function is to provide positioning by means of positioning elements 31, 31 '. The mounting profile 19 is attached to the beam by means of a bolt 34, nut 34 'and an opening 33.
    The carriers 4 are formed by means of a substantially U-shaped profile with an end wall 41 and legs 42, 42 'extending therefrom. Converting edges 43, 43 'extend from the legs 42, 42's to provide firmness. With respect to the end wall 41, the walls 42, 42 'are set at an angle alpha, such as preferably an angle of 1 to 15 ° lower than a right angle, such as preferably an angle of 85 to 88 °. With this, it is realized according to the present embodiment that a support element 6 can be arranged between the side walls 42, 42 'in such a way that downward fall-out is prevented. The supporting element 6 has sides 45, 45 'with a corresponding angle as the side walls 42, 42'. Furthermore, the support element 6 has a support edge 44 for supporting, for example, a hose or a tube. Furthermore, the support element 6 has a stop 46, 46 'for a suitable positioning of the support element relative to the carrier 4 of the rack. An alternative attachment of such a hose or tube is provided in the form of holes 32, 32 'for passing a wire 49 therethrough.
    A further aspect according to the present invention relates to a feed-through member 7, preferably designed as a hose or a tube, for a heating medium or a cooling medium. Using the carrier 4 and support element 6 described, it is important that the lead-through member 7 can advantageously be arranged against the end wall of the carrier 41. Particularly in the case of cooling, this is important for the realization of a suitable thermal contact because during cooling the heat has to move downwards, which is best with direct contact. In the case of heating, the upward transport is relatively easy.
    The insulation plate 51, incidentally, provides insulation between the floors of the rack and, in the case of cooling, prevents dripping of condensation drops on the crop.
    It is further provided to provide at the center of the rack, for the purpose of providing a greater degree of cooling of the center of the substrate, clamping members at a smaller mutual distance for enabling a larger number of lead-through member. per unit length of the beam. An advantage of using a tube or hose is that it can be introduced in a simple manner to the construction of the rack.
    The base of the rack is formed by a support plate 27 which is attachable to the upright by converting two fixing lips 26, 26 '.
    The support plate 27 has a threaded opening 28 for a threaded end 29 with a corresponding nut 29 'for securing. The threaded end 29 is provided with a protective cap 30 on the underside.
    In FIG. 7 a further variant of a span member 4 'is shown. This comprises an outer profile 67 with an upper surface 41 'for supporting the substrate. For the purpose of cooling the substrate, the span member 4 'comprises a hose 7 suitable for passing coolant. This hose is pressed upwards in the direction of the arrow A against the underside of surface 41 'with a substantially flat contact surface. This contact surface promotes downward dissipation of heat from the substrate towards the coolant in the hose 7.
    The pressing in upward direction takes place by means of a pressure profile 61 which is provided with a pressure surface 69 suitable for this purpose with 2 pressure cams 71. The pressure profile 61 is kept clamped upwards by means of clamps 62. The pressure profile 61 preferably makes contact with the beams for support of the pressure profile by the beams. The profile 61 has a nose 65 on either side for lowering the contact surface with the profile 67. This results in a cold bridge.
    In FIG. 8, a further variant of span 4 "is shown. 2 hoses 7 'can be placed therein which are supported by a combination of an internal support surface of the profile 67' and a pressure profile 61 '. These hoses also serve for cooling and / or heating the substrate. Also these hoses are preferably compressible to form a contact surface with the underside of the upper surface 41 ". The upper surface of the profile 67 'has a depression 48 for lowering contact with the substrate or the net or geotextile supporting the substrate, preferably for the purpose of easily moving it over this surface.
    Clauses 1. Method for manufacturing parts for a mushroom cultivation rack, such as preferably structural elements such as a post, a beam, and a span member, using applications of a steel plate which is pre-fabricated with a coating, preferably a metallic coating , preferably with wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant properties, further preferably comprising a government comprising zinc, aluminum and magnesium according to the present description. Method according to clause 1 comprising processing steps for manufacturing such as punching, cutting, cutting and setting.
    In the foregoing, the present invention has been described with reference to a few preferred embodiments. Different aspects of different embodiments are considered to be described in combination with each other, all combinations considered to be considered by a person skilled in the art on the basis of this document to be included in the understanding of the invention. These preferred embodiments are not limitative of the scope of this document. The rights requested are defined in the appended claims. • k k k k k
    权利要求:
    Claims (22)
    [1]
    A mushroom cultivation rack for growing mushrooms by means of a substrate to be supported by the rack, such as a compost, comprising: - uprights for providing support for the rack relative to a substrate, - beams for providing a support for span members, span members for spanning a mutual distance between girders, wherein the mushroom cultivation rack is preferably manufactured by means of a method for manufacturing the uprights, girders and / or span members from at least one basic material and assembling them using only operations such as cutting, cutting, punching and putting, preferably in an automated process.
    [2]
    Mushroom cultivation rack as claimed in claim 1, wherein the at least one base material is a prefabricated sheet material with a metallic alloy as a coating.
    [3]
    Mushroom cultivation rack as claimed in claim 1 or 2, comprising medium pipes for cooling and / or heating.
    [4]
    Mushroom cultivation rack as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the span members are adapted to cool and / or heat the substrate.
    [5]
    5. Mushroom cultivation rack according to one or more of the preceding claims 3 or 4, wherein the medium lines are arranged in or on one or more of the span sections.
    [6]
    Mushroom cultivation rack according to one or more of the preceding claims, in which the span members are arranged in the longitudinal direction of a rack.
    [7]
    7. Mushroom cultivation rack as claimed in one or more of the foregoing claims, wherein the span members function as direct support of the substrate.
    [8]
    8. Mushroom cultivation rack according to one or more of the preceding claims, in which the span members comprise a guide surface for slidingly adding and removing the substrate thereover.
    [9]
    9. Mushroom cultivation rack as claimed in one or more of the foregoing claims, comprising side panels, such as side boards, for supporting the beams opposite to a post.
    [10]
    The mushroom cultivation rack according to claim 9, wherein the side panels are suitable for supporting at least one harvesting machine and / or a substrate processing machine.
    [11]
    11. Mushroom cultivation rack as claimed in one or more of the foregoing claims, wherein the at least one base material comprises sheet steel, preferably further containing carbon, with a metallic coating applied during a pre-production process.
    [12]
    12. Mushroom cultivation rack as claimed in claim 11, wherein the metallic coating preferably comprises zinc, aluminum and / or magnesium, more preferably in an alloy.
    [13]
    13. Mushroom cultivation theorem according to claim 12, wherein the coating comprises more than 80% zinc, preferably more than 90% zinc, more preferably more than 93% zinc, more preferably substantially 93.5 percent zinc, the quantity of aluminum more preferably is between 2 and 6%, more preferably between two and a half and 5%, more preferably between 3 and 4%, more preferably three and a half percent, with more preferably the amount of magnesium being between 1 and 5%, more preferably between 2 and 4%, and more preferably substantially 3%.
    [14]
    14. Mushroom cultivation rack as claimed in claim 11, 12 or 13, wherein the plate material with the coating is provided by means of a galvanizing process.
    [15]
    A mushroom cultivation rack as claimed in one or more of the preceding claims, wherein the span members comprise a placement profile with an upper surface for supporting the substrate, and an inner space arranged below the upper surface for supporting the at least one medium line.
    [16]
    A mushroom cultivation rack as claimed in claim 15, wherein the span members are suitable for receiving support members for supporting the at least one medium line, which support members are preferably designed as a profile.
    [17]
    17. Mushroom cultivation rack as claimed in one or more of the foregoing claims, wherein the span members comprise engaging means for engaging thereon a clamp for keeping the at least one medium upwardly guided in and or the supporting members.
    [18]
    A mushroom cultivation rack according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein the beams are provided with feed-through channels or slots for passing through or arranging therein an underside of the span members during use.
    [19]
    Mushroom cultivation rack as claimed in one or more of the foregoing claims, wherein the beams are provided with hooking means for hooking onto hooking means the posts, which hooking means and / or hooking means are preferably manufactured by means of a cutting operation from the basic material.
    [20]
    A mushroom cultivation rack as claimed in one or more of claims 9 or 10, wherein the coating of the material of the side panels is made to withstand wear of the machines.
    [21]
    A method for using a mushroom cultivation rack as claimed in one or more of the preceding claims, comprising steps for: - providing the mushroom cultivation rack, - from a side of the rack over the longitudinal direction of the span members by means of a suitable transport medium, such as a net or a geotextile, feeding the substrate to the rack, - carrying out a substrate-related culture and harvesting cycle using the substrate, - carrying a span medium from a side of the rack over the longitudinal direction of the span members, such as the net or the geotextile, removing the substrate from the rack.
    [22]
    22. Method for manufacturing a mushroom cultivation count using only operations such as cutting, cutting, punching and setting, preferably in an automated process, further preferably using a prefabricated sheet material with a metallic alloy as a coating.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    NL2017742B1|2017-07-21|
    EP3370504A1|2018-09-12|
    WO2017078535A1|2017-05-11|
    US20180317402A1|2018-11-08|
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    CN109258311A|2018-11-09|2019-01-25|衡东兆丰农业发展有限公司|A kind of efficient agaric pregermination device of vernalization|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    NL2015733|2015-11-05|
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